Evaluation of legal and ethical impacts on quality and access to Research Paper - 1

Evaluation of legal and ethical impacts on quality and access to patient care in managed care practices - Research Paper Example f both state and federal standards with regards to the healthcare industry and by analyzing the key trends that exist within the industry as a function of seeking to hire or contract legal expertise and advice to the requesting entity (Lynk et al 2008). Such an understanding is useful for the purpose of this proposed research due to the fact that the author hopes that by proving that a verifiable link exists between the level of legal representation within the industry and the level and quality of care provided, the researcher will be able to demonstrably prove that this is a key determinant within healthcare and its overall improvement and offerings to the end consumer; both within specialized fields such as secondary care and elsewhere. Similarly, the second work of scholarship that this brief analysis has chosen to review is that of the National Academy of Sciences, â€Å"Legal Issues in Quality of Care Oversight in the United States: Recent Developments†. As such, the piece seeks to track the level of legal changes that are manifesting themselves throughout the United States while at the same time seeking to analyze how, if at all, these changes are providing for an increase or decrease in the quality of care (Jost 2003). As a means of measuring this, the authors set out to approach the issue from both a legal requirement standpoint as well as one of economic sustainability; much the same as the one which has been utilized in the first article that has been reviewed. It is of course the intention of this author that this piece, as well as the proceeding piece will help to draw specific levels of analysis with regards to the levels that current and past legal obligations and their subsequent implementations within the field of healthcare have affected the quality of care provided. It should be further noted that the authors of these pieces have stated that the economics of further regulation and legal obligations that the current environment necessarily

Curriculum Development for CTE Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Curriculum Development for CTE - Research Paper Example The program ensures that it offers the necessary skills and certificates that students require in their careers. It contains a set of the curriculum which is structured to reflect on the basics that are taught during technical training of students. The printed materials used in the CTE program fully match the training requirements because they are in accordance with the syllabus so as to enhance cohesion and understanding of the basics by the students. The students passing through this program highly benefit from the verse academic and technological resources presented by the institutions offering this program. This is because they gain the much needed first hand information on the basics (Wang & King, 2009). The equipments used in the CTE program are always technologically updated to ensure that the instructors teaching the program curriculum finds them efficient and effective to them and the students. This exposes students to the technological world and ensures efficiency upon sitt ing for the real classes. In most cases, it is the government that takes sole responsibility of sponsoring the CTE program for economical purposes. This enhances efficiency on the part of the instructors as they have all the necessary materials; on the other hand, it takes the burden away from private individuals who are out to make profits, and to make it an affordable to every student. Its aim is to bring change in the educational subjects that are of immense importance to the economy. They aim at imparting students with such skills like engineering and medicine which are of meaning to the expansion of the economy technologically (Wang & King, 2009). Reflections To evaluate the CTE program, the outcomes for the program must be measured for accuracy. This can be done through a survey, by conducting a research using a questionnaire to investigate the student remarks, or a sample research where samples of students are asked and data approximated. The CTE curriculum is aimed at helpin g students to acquire the basic skills through a clear organized and reflective program, which is its main purpose. The CTE program has tremendously assisted in my education because to a certain level the resources provided by the program have simplified my academic work, hence the accomplishment of school work accurately, efficiently, and effectively. My technical institution is a beneficiary of the program, and I get the privilege to access various academic resources provided for the student’s purposes. These academic resources have boosted learning and grades in school. Initially, most students could not attain the results which were essential in taking a CTE course, but with the changing times, majority of the students in technical institutions have registered for CTE courses. An example is, before I was enrolled for a CTE course, I experienced certain challenges that denied me an opportunity into the program. The most significant was my geographical area. It turned out t o be one of my nastiest nightmares because the district I came from did not benefit from the program, since it was inaccessible due to a variety of reasons. In my view, all CTE programs should be incorporated to enable it maintain its viability in secondary school education in technical education. The program largely contributes in such fields like

911 Commissino Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

911 Commissino Report - Essay Example Bush in late 2002, is chartered to prepare a full and complete account of the circumstances surrounding the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, including preparedness for and the immediate response to the attacks. The Commission is also mandated to provide recommendations designed to guard against future attacks". (National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States)Meanwhile, to preview the 9/11 attack on American, it is very significant to state that "the 9/11 attack was in some ways more devastating. It was carried out by a tiny group of people, not enough to man a full platoon. Measured on a governmental scale, the resources behind it were trivial. The group itself was dispatched by an organization based in one of the poorest, most remote, and least industrialized countries on earth. This organization recruited a mixture of young fanatics and highly educated zealots who could not find suitable places in their home societies or were driven from them". (Historical Per spective)The Public Reports of the Commission was released on July 22, 2004, while August 21, the Commission also released two staffs monograph. Meanwhile, after the released, there were lots of comments from people in United States on her they received the final draft. Some also regarded the reports as Lie. "Those who would conceal the truth have tried (with some success) to condition the public into associating any questioning of the official version of events with the label "conspiracy theory" (and implicitly, "lunatic conspiracy theory"). A moment's consideration will reveal that this is quite a stupid claim, since to question, or to cast doubt upon, some claim or story is not in itself to put forward any other claim or story, and still less any "theory". One may (as many do) disbelieve the U.S. government's story about what happened on 9/11 without being obliged to provide any explanation at all as to what happened on that day". (The 9/11 Commission Report: A 571-Page Lie) "The final report of the 9/11 commission confirms many of the panel's preliminary findings that have--or should have--embarrassed the Bush administration. The commission does note, "Our aim has not been to assign individual blame. Our aim has been to provide the fullest possible account of the events surrounding 9/11 and to identify lessons learned." And it is true that the report does point to screw-ups and negligent policymaking committed during both the Bush II and Clinton administrations. But George W. Bush is the incumbent president who has to face the voters in November. Although Republicans in recent days have been highlighting the mistakes of the Clinton years, it is not inappropriate for voters to focus on what report tells us about Bush and his administration. As a public service, here is a look at several of those critical portions". (The 9/11 Reports: Bad News to Bush) The US Political leaders and other relations of the victims also reacted on how they received the final reports of 9/11 Commission. US President Bush, comments that "They've done a really good job of learning about our country and learning about what went wrong prior to 11 September, and making very sound, solid, recommendations about how to move forward. I assured them that where government needs to act, we will. "There is still a threat. We in the government have an obligation to do everything in our power to safeguard the American people." (Reaction to 9/11 Reports) CONCLUSION: In conclusion, we have seen and make assessments on the genesis of the 9/11 Commission which was inaugurated in order to investigate the causes of 9/11 attack on America. While members of the Commission seemed to

Discuss the nature of dyslexia and implication for identification and Essay

Discuss the nature of dyslexia and implication for identification and assesment - Essay Example It is to be remembered that this is just only one aspect of the working definition, and this disorder is elusive in the sense that there are many differing opinions about the definition of this disorder in the literature, as a result many other different definitions exist. What all workers in this area accept comes from The Department of Education and Skills in their Framework for Understanding Dyslexia inform on theories and approaches to dyslexia. In it they have presented a practical approach to define dyslexia. Although literally, this word means difficulty with words or language, this literal meaning does not totally apply to the disorder of dyslexia at all. It is true that there are many reasons for difficulty to learn, read, or write. For these individuals, these difficulties "do not seem so easily explainable (DfES, 2004, 5). It has thus been defined by them as "a specific difficulty, typically characterised by an unusual balance of skills. Dyslexia affects information proces sing" (DfES, 2004, 5) in all the forms, receiving, holding, retrieving and structuring the information and this speed of information processing becomes very sluggish (DfES, 2004, 5). Skills such as reading, writing, using symbols, and carrying out calculations are all dependent on information processing system of the human brain. ... So, it would be worthwhile to examine the definition that is practically utilized while administering special education to these people. The Special Educational Needs Code of Practice refers to specific learning difficulties in a section considering 'cognition and learning'. The Code states: 'Children who demonstrate features of . . . specific learning difficulties, such as dyslexia . . . require specific programmes to aid progress in cognition and learning. . . . Some of these children may have associated sensory, physical and behavioural difficulties that compound their needs' (DfES, 2001a, 7: 58). In this context it is of utmost importance to remember that it is not related to intelligence and may occur in different forms, mild, moderate, and severe. Consequently, their individual profiles vary from each other, with each having their unique strengths and weaknesses, and therefore uniqueness. In this assignment, the nature of dyslexia will be discussed in a greater detail in the fo llowing paragraphs so these attributes can be used for identification and assessment of this disorder. Nature With continuing research into the area, there has been considerable progress in identifying the causes of dyslexia so effective intervention could be designed to break into the cycle of failure (Fawcett, 2001, 25). This progress has been enormous since the usually grim outlook in such individuals is no longer hopeless. It has been noted that ""the stage is set for undertaking ambitious, multi-disciplinary, multi-perspective projects aimed at redefining the field of dyslexia and learning difficulties as the field of learning abilities"

Strategic Management Master Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Strategic Management Master - Case Study Example The history of Toyota is indeed remarkable in that it has ventured into manufacturing of small cars in a big way. It has introduced new car making technology by mass producing hybrid gas electric vehicles with a capacity of 1 million globally. During the year 2005, Toyota has produced 8.5 Million vehicles and has a large market share. Toyota now claims to be the 8th largest car manufacturing company in the world. However one of the fact remains that it has not been able to make much inroads in the European markets. The success story of Toyota lies in its use of scientific systems and procedures for car making .Through the use of Kaisen, which entails efficiency and optimum work effort, and is basically designed for improving efficiency. Lean management which is based on developing managers who are problem solvers is based on serving customers and heightened level of performance attainment. Lean Management is a total holistic concept which is designed to attain efficiencies in all spheres of car making through the use of waste elimination. The basic theme of Toyota Production System (TPS) is to achieve operational excellence and instil an organisational culture that values and respects people and nurture and develop their creative abilities. The stage is set for small cars, to come in a big way, in the international arena, fuelled by mounting fuel costs and strong pollution laws. It is widely believed that in the next 5 years, the global demand for small cars would grow by nearly 30%, averaging nearly 18 Million (Schifferes 2007). The major players who manufacture and sell small cars are Indian brands like Tata, Maruthi, Renault, Fiat, Peugot, Daewoo (GM), Hyundai and Daihatsu. The fact remains that the almost prohibitive costs of fossil fuels and stringent pollution norms have become a severe deterrent for automakers. It has therefore become essential to seek ways and means for finding out cheaper and clean, fuel efficient alternatives. Toyota could rightly claim to have established brand leadership in hybrid cars and has surged ahead of even Ford and General Motors (GM). However, the spread of alternative technology involves large investments and technological barriers. However, the full scale development and product implementation of advanced fuel alternatives is an expensive and time-consuming matter and may take around a decade for its final development. "But in the long run, no major car company doubts that ethanol, diesel, electric, hybrid and even hydrogen-powered vehicles will become more important in the future." (Schifferes 2007). The present day automotive industry is going through a total and thorough change in its production methods. It has now become necessary for scientific techniques, principally based on lean management, aimed at reducing the costs of making small cars, and also making it easier for automakers to shift their production patterns to match customer preferences and tastes over a period of time. This is also one of the principle reasons why Toyota has overtaken GM as the most powerful automaker in the higher efficient production system (Globalization). During the middle of the 20th Century, the American automaker GM dominated the US car markets with 100 % share. But now, at the beginning of the 21st century, its market share has come down to 52% with Japanese and European carmakers at 43% and 5% respectively.

BUSINESS RESEARCH WEEK4 TEAM ASSIGNMENT Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

BUSINESS RESEARCH WEEK4 TEAM - Assignment Example This is because qualitative research provides a conclusive, extensive and detailed description of the phenomenon under investigation. It can be regarded as more exploratory in nature. On the other hand, quantitative research involves more of numerical data collection and calculations such as counting, classification, construction of statistical models and figures to elucidate the observed phenomena. Therefore, qualitative is essential for earlier phases of the business research design. The stiff competition faced by Samsung Electronics on the global smartphone market is influenced by other factors apart from quality of products. Price and consumer preferences tend to influence the purchasing power of potential customers. Thus, in qualitative research the research strategies include personal interviews, surveys, non-structured and structured interviews, analysis of documentaries or focus groups, personal observations and research of archives materials. The data gathered from customers and employees has to be then analyzed and documented. The data is the presented in form of words, objects, images, videos, figures or graphs. Use of qualitative research as the primary research design in the Samsung issue involves viewing the marketplace as a social construction with regard to the perceptions of individuals. The concern is to understand the reason why customers tend to shift to other products from its competitors. Also, conduct surveys on its customer services, and efficiency of its

Academic debate Essay Example for Free

Academic debate Essay There has been considerable academic debate concerning the emergence and meaning of globalization with differing views ranging from those who believe that there has been no change to what already existed with previous trade and movement across nation states to those who believe that the consequences of globalization can be felt everywhere and that the sovereignty of nation states has been greatly diminished. It is argued by those such as Modelski that the world society today is global in direct contrast to all other historical societies and for David Held (1) globalization is about a significant transformation resulting in local communities linked to global actions (1). This paper does not delve into the debate about the theory of globalization, rather it focuses upon the infrastructure of the UN in terms of governance of world affairs. During his leadership as UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan sought to define a new role for the United Nations at the centre of ‘global governance’ (Held and McGrew 1). In response to the onset of globalization there are those, including Rosenau (8) who believe that a new complex multilateralism is evolving as a system of global governance. In the absence of a world government Rosenau (8) believes that the concept of global governance is the most apt description of the system that decides who rules and governs across the international community. This evolution has been made possible following a number of significant events over the past two decades. Firstly the end of the cold war opened up opportunities for new ways of governing at the global level. Secondly there was a massive increase in global issues such as the environment (for example climate change), health (for example the HIV / Aids epidemic) and consumerism that was affecting the way that world affairs were being run. These changes to global affairs has convinced the advocates of global governance that the traditional geopolitical management of global affairs with its hierarchical forms of management is unsuited to the challenges and tasks that are now emergent and that new forms of global governance need to be introduced. The common arguments against global governance include the inequalities of power between states, the structural privileging of the interests and agenda of global capital and the technocratic nature of the global policy process (Held and McGrew 13). In general there are three principle explanatory accounts of global governance: liberal institutionalist, realist and neo-Gramsic. Each attempt to explain how governance works beyond the national state but there are considerable differences in their epistemological frameworks which are a reflection of their interpretations of the social world as well as difference assumptions about world politics. Liberal institutionalism argues that governance beyond the state is endemic (Held and McGrew 12) because of the important benefits that global institutions can bring to individual nations, for example the functional benefits of a global health organization. Liberal institutionalists believe that international institutions ‘empower governments rather than shackle them’ (Keohane 13) . Realism finds that governance beyond the nation state depends upon the policy interests of the most powerful states, which means that the global institutions can have little autonomy or power as their function is primarily to advance the interests of those more powerful states (Held and McGrew 12) and thus the inequalities of power between the states is highlighted. Neo-gramsican theories share the bases of the realism theory however they consider the structural imperatives of globalizing capitalism as the key component. This theory states that the conduct of global governance is underpinned by the expansion of globalizing capital through the dominant forces, i. e. the US and therefore the global institutions are merely instruments to obtain this objective at the expense of the welfare and environment of the global communities. There is concern that the there is an insurmountable deficit within the current capacity of global governance to address the pressing global issues of poverty, health, environment, security and welfare. In practice this can imply a criticism of how the United Nations is structured and functionally operates, and essentially makes the presumption that the UN is ineffective (Luard 1). The United Nations Organization (UN) is an international organization that brings together 191 states in a voluntary forum to consider all affairs – such as security, living conditions, affecting the global population. The structure consists of the General Assembly, the Security Council, The Economic and Security Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice, the Secretariat and the UN System (www. un. org) . This paper focuses on the operations of the UN System. The United Nations has a number of organizations formally within its system as ‘specialized agencies’ – although in reality they are largely autonomous from the central UN, for example the World Health Organization (WHO), the International Labour Organization (ILO) and UNESCO. These specialized agencies are linked to the UN through cooperative agreements have wide-ranging international responsibilities in the economic, social, cultural, educational, health and related fields. Some of them, like the International Labour Organization and the Universal Postal Union, are older than the UN itself (www. un. org) . All these organizations have their own governing bodies, budgets and secretariats. Together with the United Nations, they are known as the UN family, or the UN system. Together, they provide technical assistance and other forms of practical help in virtually all economic and social areas. The reform of the UN is an issue of constant debate, although only the member states have the power to implement any changes so it must be driven through them. It can be argued then that the UN is not a global organization, rather it remains an inter-governmental organization as it can only develop so far as the member states will allow and they will always weigh development against their own self interest. However this reality is in comparison with the global expectation placed upon the UN and Bernhard (213) believes it is this contradiction in reality and expectation that causes the UN to over stretch itself. Bernhard (213) presents three scenarios for the future of the UN. Firstly that the UN system will weaken, and ultimately fail in the members states withdrew participation and secondly that the UN could develop as a sort of world government with the institutions forming a central coordinating role of the global governance process and ultimately leading to the loss of nation state autonomy. The third scenario seems more plausible, that the UN will remain as an imperfect instrument in need of reform but also an important global organization. This itself requires examination of a number of issues, namely whether it takes on a role as actor in its own right or continues to be held to member state autonomy. The leadership of Koffi Annan as the Secretary General has had some impact on the pace of UN reforms. At the Millennium Summit in 2000 he called for members states to reorganize the UN so that it could be better equipped to meet the challenges that globalization brings . However in practice the extent of the UN reform appears modest and Bernhard (214) makes the distinction between internal reforms of the UN’s by-laws which are easier to achieve than constitutional changes, which would require changes to the Charter. The complexity of the UN system doesn’t allow for reforms to be made easily. Every amendment needs a two-thirds majority in the General Assembly and the ratification of two thirds of the member states, including the five permanent members. Therefore the permanent members have a high level of strength and can block any reforms, although to be fair they would need the agreement of more than 120 UN members for their own projects to succeed (Bernhard 242). Koffi Annan (Bernhard 243) drew attention to the institutions of the UN being unfit for the present day purpose as they had been created for an inter-national rather than global world. The UN system has resulted in a tradition of decentralization, along with a steady growth of new agencies. It is this situation that draws critics to argue that there are overlaps and duplication of effort and irrational allocation of resources (Ziring 464). There is no world budget to deal with economic and social affairs and each UN agency are responsible for their own budgets and programmes, subject to the limitations of the collective will of their members. Ziring (464) argues that the Economic and Social Council has not fulfilled its central coordinating function, being mainly consigned to discussion and liaison and he makes the important statement that the most formidable barriers to improved functional co-operation between the agencies are in fact political and budgetary, not organizational. This would then mean that the UN reforms should be focused on gaining the collective political and economic will of member states rather than introducing organizational changes alone.